Mexico Becomes First Nation to Elect All Judges by Popular Vote Amidst Controversy

In a historic and contentious move, Mexico has become the first country globally to elect all its judges through popular vote. The nationwide judicial elections held on June 1, 2025, encompassed over 2,600 positions, including local magistrates and Supreme Court justices. This sweeping reform, championed by former President Andrés Manuel López Obrador and enacted under President Claudia Sheinbaum, aims to combat corruption and increase public accountability within the judiciary.

Despite the groundbreaking nature of this reform, the elections were marked by a historically low voter turnout of approximately 13%, raising concerns about the legitimacy and public support for the changes.

Critics argue that the direct election of judges undermines judicial independence and opens the door for political influence over the judiciary. Concerns have been raised about the potential for unqualified, politically aligned candidates to assume judicial positions, thereby compromising the checks and balances essential to a functioning democracy.

The reform has also sparked international apprehension. The United States, Mexico's primary trading partner, has warned that these changes could threaten investor confidence and the integrity of the Mexican legal system.

As Mexico embarks on this unprecedented path, the long-term implications of electing judges remain uncertain. While the reform seeks to enhance transparency and reduce corruption, it also poses significant risks to judicial independence and the balance of power within the government.